Electric switch



E. B. THURSTON. ELECTRIC SWITCH. APPucAHoN FILED APR.24, 1917.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

CIl'Iorucyt UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST B. THURSTON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE HAUGHTON ELEVATOR AND MACHINE COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ELECTRIC SWITCH.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

Application filed April 24, 1917. Serial No. 164,311.

T 0 all wtom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ERNEST B. THURs'roN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Toledo, Lucas county, Ohio, have invented new and useful Electric Switches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to features of solenoid and magnetic control.

This invention has utility especially in single phase alternating current electromagnet remote control devices as switches.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of .an embodiment of the invention in a switch;

Fig. 2 is a front view thereof with parts broken away and on a reduced scale;

Fig. 3 is a plan view, with parts broken away of a form of the switch of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram showing the control features for the switch.

The single phase alternating current supply line 1 may be connected to the terminal 2 and extend therefrom by the line 3 to the alternating current coil 4, and from thence by the line 5, non-inductive resistance 6, line 7 to the terminal 8 where the controller, say in the elevator, may have its terminal 9 swing to close the circuit between the terminal 8 and the terminal 10 so that current passing by the line 11, switch 12, and line 13 may, by terminal 14, complete the circuit with the supply line 15. This action is effective to energize the solenoid 4, lifting the magnetic member 16 and serving thereby to bring the terminals 17, 18, into contact with the respective terminals 2, 14, of the supply lines so that current may be conducted by lines 19, 20, to actuate the motor 21.

As this switch through the action of the solenoid 4 comes to closing position, the terminal 22 comes in contact with the terminals 23, 24,`effecting a shorting around the non-inductive resistance 6 between the lines 5 and 7, thereby relieving the coil 4 of this line resistance so that the full pressure of the line may serve in holding the switch thrown.

This non-inductive resistance coacts with thev decreasing reluctance of the solenoid to decrease the retarding effect of the resistance from the initial maximum action of v the resistance. The initial pull peak is'thus reduced and the solenoid pull may be one of more uniform action up to the linal portion of the throw where the resistance effect is relatively m'l in the magnetic sealing.

Inthe embodiment of this device there is shown mounted upon the panel or insulation sw1tchboard 26, the switch frame 27 carrylng the pivot pin 28 upon which common pivot bearing or pin 28 are reversely mounted the similar rock arms 29, 30, each freely independently movable. The arm 29 may carry the megnetic member 16 comprising a plurality of laminations interchangeable wlth the laminations 31 of the opposing magnetic member carried by the arm 30.

For single phase operation these multiple pole opposing magnetic members 16, 31, have the poles 32, 33, movable into sealing position and the intermediate poles 34 held by these sealing poles to maintain a small air gap therebetween. Surrounding this air gap is the single phase alternating current electric coil 4.

The short-circuited shading coils 35, disposed in the openings 36, 37, for nesting in the laminations, tend to hold the sealing poles 32, 33, from chattering due to the counter-electromotive force generated magnetism therethrough. The disposal of the poles is such that whenever there is a flux it is in the same general circuits (instead of in different circuits) and the coil 4 is so disposed that it embraces the air gap or is in position to energize each of the magnetic members for reduction of the air gap reluctance as these members travel toward each other.

When the coil 4 is energized, the inertia of the arm 29 holding it out has a tendency in the sudden rush of magnetizing current drawing the arms toward each other to pull the arm 30. This first impulse from the electro-magnetic action is positively resisted by the spring 38 about the eyebolt 39 acting against the frame 27. This eyebolt 39 is pivotally connected by pin 41 between the ears 42 of the arm 30. The impact of the magnetic member 16 is taken by the cushioningvbufi'er 43.

he arm 29 carries lugs 44 in which are mounted the bolts 45 extending through the movable members 46 pivotally mounted on the gearing pin 28. This switch throw member 46 is'yieldably held to travel with the arm .29 by the spring 47, the compression of which is adjusted by the nut 48.

The travel of the arm member 46 as to the arm 29 may be limited by the threaded pin 49 coacting with the shoulder 50 on the arm 29. The position of this pin 49 may be adjusted, and locked by the lock nut 51. The outward throw of this member 46 away from the slate panel 26 may be limited by the hook arm 52.

As shown in the embodiment herewith, there is' a pair of these switch members 46 and each has a bolt 45 with a spring 47. The springs 47 tend to slow up the final throw travel of the magnetic member'16, and are supplemented therein by the buffer spring 43 taking up the hammer blow of the magnetic member 16 against the opposing magnetic member 31.

The suddenness of electric current ow for energizing the coil 4 tends, even in the short travel herein, say inch between the poles 32, 33, to bring about a resultant impact (herein transmitted readily to the springs), were the throw ositive against a non-yielding member. owever, such impact does not occur herein, for there is the tendency, dueto the coil position and the pivot arm structure, for these arms to throw toward each other, and these arms, neither being ixedly mounted, each yieldably coacts to an extent neutralizing the others throw. Thus the resultant hammer blow is transmitted to the springs 47, 43. The pull acting upon the member 46 is through extension arms carrying the terminals 53 for yieldably impacting .said terminals 53 against the opposing carbon terminals 54 held between the jaws 55, 56, for mounting on the magnetic head or support 57 held by a single screw 57 to the panel 26. These jaws 55, 56, are similar clamping members land as held by the bolt 58, serve as a simple effective mounting to which the line 15 u'is connected as a desirable manufacturing structure. Y

This line 15 through which current flow l is established by the closing of this switch,

has therein a few windings 59 about this magnetic support 57, so that in flow of current therethrough, these wrappings 59 will serve to energize this magnetic support 57 thereby establishing an are quenching magnetic field operating on the gap between the terminals 53, 54, e'ectively contributing to the life of such terminals. The path of this current through the switch is thus from,

the line 15, coil 59, jaws 55, 56, terminals 54, 53, to the line 20.

One of the arms 46 may carry an insulation plate 60 with a terminal bar 22 thereon for coacting with the terminals 23, 24, as the switch is thrown into closed position, thereby short-circuiting the lines 5, 7, to cut out the non-inductive resistance 6 automatically as the switch moves to closed position. Springs 61 back of the terminals 23, 24, allow movement to bring these parts always into contacting position on the throw of the member 46. The coil 4 may pact position between said arms, the im#- pacting faces, thrown together by the magnetic circuit, will abut in the sameJ relation, and means for establishing a magnetic circuit between said arms. Y

2. An electro-magnet embodying a movable switch arm, an opposing coacting moyable actuator arm, a common pivot pin for said arms whereby different angular positions will not disturb the impact face rela-v tions, each of said arms providing a magnetic member, there being an air gap between said members, and an electric coil embracing the air gap. y

3. An electro-magnet embodying a pivoted Switch arm, a terminal closing member yieldably connected to the arm, a multiple pole magnet carried by the arm, an opposing `arm having a pivot bearing coaxial with the pivot of the switch arm and provided with a magnet having poles projecting toward the switch arm magnet poles in pairs, and an electric coil embracing a pair of said poles, said coaxial bearings copervating for uniform impacts in different angular positions. l

4. A -switch embodying a frame having a bearing pin, opposing magnetic pivoted arms carried by said pin, yieldable means coacting with one of the arms for holding such arm in a position of rest, and an electric coil acting upon the magnetic arms in opposition to the yieldable means eHective to avoid positions of rigid concussion in arm shifting.

5. An electro-magnet embodying a member to be thrown, a pivoted magnet arm, first yieldable means between said member and a/rm, a second opposing pivoted magnet arm, second yieldable means` coacting with the second arm, said second independently operable yieldable means disposed to oppose the first yieldable means in acting upon its arm, and an electric coil for energizing the magnet arms against the action into sealing position, and an energizing coil about one pair of said poles.

7. An alternating current electro-magnet embodying relatively movable pivotally mounted members providing at a common radial distance opposing pairs of poles, one pair of said poles movable into sealing posivtion and a second pair of said poles precluded from moving into sealing position, and an energizing coil about said second pair of poles. v

8. An alternating current electro-magnet embodying relatively movable members providing three pairs of poles, a pivotal mounting for said members at a-common radial distance from said poles, one pair of which poles may move to sealing position to maintain a second pair spaced, an energizing coil embracing said spaced poles, and a shading coil for a sealed pair of said poles.

9. An electro-magnet embodying cushioned relatively movable members, an alternating current circuit for energizing the magnet, and a non-inductive resistance in series in said circuit coacting to reduce the initial action of the circuit in 'throwing the members.

10. A n electro-magnet embodying cushioned relatively movable members, an alternating current circuit for energizing the magnet, a non-inductive resistance in series in said circuit coacting to reduce the initial action of the circuit in throwing the members, and means for cutting out said resistance.

1l. An electro-magnet embodying cushioned relatively movable members, an alter- 'nating current circuit for energizing the magnet, and a non-inductive resistance in series in said circuit coacting to reduce the initial action of the circuit in throwing the members, said magnet provided with means for cutting out said resistance.

l2. A single phase alternating current electro-magnet embodying opposing interchangeable multi-polar laminated members having a plurality of pairs of poles, and a pivotal mounting for the members a common radial distance from said poles.

13. A remote control electric switch embodying single phase alternating current pivoted jaw electro-magnets, and decreasingly acting electrical resistance therefor.

In witness whereof I afx my signature.

ERNEST B. THURSTON. 

